On the one hand, microsteps are really steps that a stepper motor can physically execute, even under load. Modern stepper motor drivers feature microstepping, a driving technique that squeezes arbitrary numbers of microsteps into every single full-step of a stepper motor, which noticeably reduces vibrations and (supposedly) increases the stepper motor’s resolution and accuracy. Also, we want to increase the resolution of a stepper motor for more accurate positioning. Hard-switching a stepper motor’s coils in full-step mode (wave-drive) causes the motor to jump from one step position to the next, resulting in overshoot, torque ripple, and vibrations. In a way, steps are the pixels of motion, and oftentimes, the given, physical resolution isn’t enough. Can you increase the resolution of this stepper motor? This results in a step angle of 1.8 °, respectively 0.9 °. Most stepper motors you’ll encounter in DIY projects, 3D printers, and small CNC machines are bi-polar, 2-phase hybrid stepper motors, either with 200 or - in the high-res variant - with 400 steps per revolution. Stepper motors divide a full rotation into hundreds of discrete steps, which makes them ideal to precisely control movements, be it in cars, robots, 3D printers or CNC machines.
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